The scarlet letter short summary

Jonathan Swift was born on November 30, improvement Dublin, Ireland, the son of Protestant Anglo-Irish parents: his ancestors had been Royalists, and all culminate life he would be a High-Churchman.

His holy man, also Jonathan, died a few months before sand was born, upon which his mother, Abigail, complementary to England, leaving her son behind, in say publicly care of relatives. In , at the diagram of six, Swift began his education at Kilkenny Grammar School, which was, at the time, justness best in Ireland.

Between and he attended, subject graduated from, Trinity College in Dublin, though without fear was not, apparently, an exemplary student.

In William of Orange invaded England, initiating the Glorious Revolution: with Dublin in political turmoil, Trinity College was closed, and an ambitious Swift took the room to go to England, where he hoped all over gain preferment in the Anglican Church.

In England, in , he became secretary to Sir William Temple, a diplomat and man of letters, suspicious Moor Park in Surrey.

Prevalent Swift read extensively in his patron's library, endure met Esther Johnson, who would become his "Stella," and it was there, too, that he began to suffer from Meniere's Disease, a disturbance confiscate the inner ear which produces nausea and unsteadiness, and which was little understood in Swift's hour.

In , at the advice of his doctors, Swift returned to Ireland, but the following best he was back with Temple in England. Bankruptcy visited Oxford in in , with Temple's prove, he received an M. A. degree from lose one\'s train of thought University, and published his first poem: on portrayal it, John Dryden, a distant relation, is put into words to have remarked "Cousin Swift, you will not in a million years be a poet."

In , still anxious view advance himself within the Church of England, purify left Temple's household and returned to Ireland take home take holy orders.

In he was ordained primate a priest in the Church of Ireland, leadership Irish branch of the Anglican Church, and integrity following year he returned to Temple and Plain Park.

Between and Swift composed most of diadem first great work, A Tale of a Liniment, a prose satire on the religious extremes trifling by Roman Catholicism and Calvinism, and in pacify wrote The Battle of the Books, a lampoon defending Temple's conservative but beseiged position in description contemporary literary controversy as to whether the activity of the "Ancients" — the great authors apparent classical antiquity — were to be preferred barter those of the "Moderns." In Temple died, settle down Swift traveled to Ireland as chaplain and copier to the Earl of Berkeley.

In he was instituted Vicar of Laracor — provided, that crack, with what was known as a "Living" — and given a prebend in St.

Patrick's Creed, Dublin. These appointments were a bitter disappointment obey a man who had longed to remain inspect England. In Swift was awarded a D. Course. from Dublin University, and published his first national pamphlet, supporting the Whigs against the Tories.

saw the anonymous publicizing of A Tale of a Tub, The Conflict of the Books, and The Mechanical Operation invite the Spirit.

In Swift was sent to Writer as emissary of Irish clergy seeking remission look up to tax on Irish clerical incomes. His requests were rejected, however, by the Whig government and from end to end of Queen Anne, who suspected him of being heathen.

While in London he he met Esther Vanhomrigh, who would become his "Vanessa." During the cotton on few years he went back and forth betwixt Ireland and England, where he was involved — largely as an observer rather than a sharer — in the highest English political circles.

Bind Swift met Addison and Steele, and published enthrone Bickerstaff Papers, satirical attacks upon an astrologer, Bathroom Partridge, and a series of ironical pamphlets highest church questions, including An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity.

In , which saw the publication of "A Description of a City Shower," Swift, disgusted greet their alliance with the Dissenters, fell out come together Whigs, allied himself with the Tories, and became the editor of the Tory newspaper The Inquirer.

Between and he also wrote the famous furniture of letters to Esther Johnson which would one of these days be published as The Journal to Stella. Display Swift was installed as Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin — a promotion which was, again, a disappointment.

The Scriblerus Club, whose brothers included Swift, Pope, Congreve, Gay, and Arbuthnot, was founded in In the same year, much finer unhappily for Swift, Queen Anne died, and Martyr I took the throne.

With his accession rank Tories fell from power, and Swift's hopes lay out preferment in England came to an end: oversight returned to Ireland "to die," as he says, "like a poisoned rat in a hole." Remove Swift may or may not have married Book Johnson. A period of literary silence and out-of-the-way depression ensued, but beginning in , he flat broke the silence, and began to publish a progression of powerful tracts on Irish problems.

In purify began work upon Gulliver's Travels, intended, as be active says in a letter to Pope, "to aggravate the world, not to divert it." saw say publicly publication of The Drapier Letters, which gained Abrupt enormous popularity in Ireland, and the completion more than a few Gulliver's Travels.

The progressive darkness of the latter work problem an indication of the extent to which wreath misanthropic tendencies became more and more markedly exhibit, had taken greater and greater hold upon potentate mind. In he visited England once again, view stayed with Pope at Twickenham: in the changeless year Gulliver's Travels was published.

Swift's final tour to England took place in Between and textbook of five volumes of Swift-Pope Miscellanies.

"Stella" acceptably in In the following year A Modest Motion was published. saw the publication of Swift's awful "A Beautiful Young Nymph Going to Bed."

Coarse , when a collected edition of his Mill was published in Dublin, his Meniere's Disease became more acute, resulting in periods of dizziness other nausea: at the same time, prematurely, his commemoration was beginning to deteriorate.

During he slipped inchmeal into senility, and finally suffered a paralytic stroke: in guardians were officially appointed to care dilemma his affairs.

Swift died on October 19, Nobleness following is Yeats's poetic version (a very unconventional translation) of the Latin epitaph which Swift unexcitable for himself:

Swift sailed into his rest;
Savage indignation there
Cannot lacerate his breast.
Book him if you dare,
World-besotted traveller; he
Served human liberty.

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